Education:

Master of Architectural History (MArH), May 1998
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
Double major: American Architecture; East Asian Architecture
Thesis Title: "The Mission 66 Visitor Centers, 1956-1966: Early Modern Architecture in the National Park Service" Webmaster award for related web site from "5001 Cool Sites for Kids" in March 2000.

Bachelor of Science, Architectural Studies, June 1992
University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
Major: American Architecture

Employment: (see below)

Publications:

Published Articles, Exhibit & Book Reviews:

National Council for Preservation Education	"Book Review: Preservation of Modern Architecture, Theodore H.M. Prudon." Preservation Education & Research: Journal of the National Council for Preservation Education, Premiere Issue, 2008. "In the Preface, Prudon cites the defeat of the prevailing “antimodern bias” as one of the “fundamental challenge[s]” facing historic preservationists today. Here, the architect dares to take the first major step in understanding the diverse and complicated topic of preserving historic modern architecture. With this monumental achievement in the field, readers will be well equipped with the tools necessary to win more victories on the side of modernism."
	"David Macaulay: The Art of Drawing Architecture." Review of a National Building Museum exhibit. and "Sustainable State: Green Building Council Expands to Central Virginia" Inform: Architecture+Design in the Mid-Atlantic, vol. 18, no. 2, 2007. Magazine for the Virginia Society of the American Institute of Architects.
	"Quantico Pre-Fabs," Virginia Living, October 2006, pp. 126-131. Featuring photographs by Tyler Darden. "A legacy of the Enron of the '50s, Lustron's last stand is at Marine Base Quantico. Christine Madrid French wonders if the second time is the charm for these endangered structures."
	"Wish You Were Here: Rediscovering Vintage Motels," Virginia Living, April 2006, pp. 158-165. Featuring photographs by Sascha Pflaeging. "Family Motels. They are disappearing, but some have survived, taking visitors back to the era of motor courts and coffee shops."
	"Bulldozing a Masterpiece: Richard Neutra's Modernist Gettysburg Memorial," Modernism, Summer 2005, 104-113.
	"Coliseums of the Commonwealth," Virginia Living, December 2004, 146-153. Featuring photographs by Sascha Pflaeging. First Place Award for Whole Issue, Design and Presentation, by the Virginia Press Association. "At holiday time one of the great icons of Virginia is the Hampton Coliseum, its sails tricked out with colored lights. But it isn't the only Virginia arena; others dominate Virginia's urban skylines. Chris Madrid French takes a survey of those wacky, wonderful symbols of the '70s, Virginia's coliseums."
	"The Cyclorama Building: Neutra's Monumental Vision at Gettysburg," National Building Museum, Blueprints, June 2002, 7-9.
	"Neutra's Cyclorama: No Safe Ground," L.A. Architect, July/August 2000, 11.

Published Photographs:

deutsche bauzeitung: Zeitschrift fur Architekten und Bauingenieure. Moderne Versus Geschichte? February 2008, 8.

Landscape Architecture. Chris Fordney, "New Birth for Gettysburg." August 2002, 46.

Architecture. Fred Bernstein. "Mission of Mercy: More than 100 Park Service visitor centers, designed by some of the country's best midcentury architects, are in danger of being torn down. Should they be saved?." July 2001, 46-7.

Landscape Architecture. John Beardsley, "Critic at Large: Another Battle at Gettysburg." September 2000, 128, 125.

U.S. News & World Report. Margaret Loftus, "Rescuing the relics of modern times." 5 June 2000, 56-7.

Film Consulting:

Ken Burns, "America's Best Idea: Our National Parks," Florentine Films, 2007. From Ken Burns FAQ: This series "(five episodes, ten hours) will tell the human history of five of the nationís most important and most heavily visited National Parks (Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grand Canyon, Acadia, and Great Smoky Mountains) and the unforgettable Americans who made them possible. Set against some of the most beautiful landscapes on earth, each parkís story is filled with incidents and characters as gripping and fascinating as American history has to offer. Woven into the series will also be a broader, evolving story of the very idea of National Parks, as uniquely an American concept as jazz, baseball, and the Declaration of Independence as well as the expanding, constantly changing National Parks system (encompassing stories from other parks) and the growing role they all have come to play in our nation's sense of itself, its past, and its future."

"Evaluating the Significance of Modern Structures," DC Preservation League, Washington, D.C., 20 November 2008.
Invited panelist (with Theodore Prudon, PhD, FAIA, US DOCOMOMO; Beth L. Savage, GSA; Kristi M. Tunstall, IIDA, GSA) for a discussion on modern architecture, part of the D.C. Modern programming series focused on providing exposure and context to Washington's modern and Modernist buildings.

"Public Stewardship of the Recent Past" and "Challenging Recent Past Preservation Policies." National Trust for Historic Preservation Annual Conference, Tulsa, Oklahoma, October 22-23, 2008.
Two presentations and round-table discussions regarding federal ownership of recent past buildings and the challenges of preserving buildings constructed during the last fifty years.

“The Visitor Center as Monument: Re-Contextualizing Richard Neutra’s Cyclorama Center at Gettysburg." Designing the Parks Conference: The History of Park Planning and Design, Charlottesville, Virginia, May 20-22, 2008. Sponsored by the National Park Service, The Cultural Landscape Foundation, University of Virginia, Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy, George Wright Society, National Parks Conservation Association, and the Van Alen Institute.
A conference in two parts examining the design of buildings and landscapes in regional, state, and national parks. This paper will re-contextualize Neutra’s monumental vision for the Cyclorama Center both within the scope of the Mission 66 building program and, more specifically, within the memorial landscape at Gettysburg. I will argue that this building is an integral part of the commemorative history of the battlefield, not unlike the many statues and markers on the site, and deserving of landmark status. My account will supplement current scholarship on Mission 66 by drawing upon Neutra’s personal papers and original notes on the project held at the archives of the University of California in Los Angeles.

"Survival by Design: Nationalizing Modernism in the Name of Preservation." International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS), International Scientific Committee on 20th Century Heritage (ISC20C), Joint ISC Meeting and Symposium, Chicago, Illinois, June 21-23, 2007.
Identification, Advocacy, and Protection of Post-World War II Heritage Session; S. J. Kelley and T. G. Harboe co-editors. "Preserving structures from the recent past is the latest, and perhaps one of the most contentious, frontiers in our field. Unfortunately, modernism is often the loser in the public relations of historic preservation. A troubling gap exists between the academic understanding of a modern building and the public perception of its place in the continuum of architectural history. Professionals today rely too heavily on the habit of describing modern architecture from its roots up – as an offshoot of early twentieth century European works by leading architects such as Le Corbusier and Mies van der Rohe – to provide a quick and simple context for a general audience. Lacking a relevant local context, most community-sponsored evaluations of a modern building’s significance tend to be guided by subjective aesthetic analysis and misguided generalizations. The buildings are too often deemed failures, miscreants worthy not of praise but of demolition. My paper explores the persistent public reluctance to acknowledge modernism's significance in our architectural past and seeks strategies to re-contextualize modern design within nationalist and regionalist idioms. This type of thoroughly researched 'people’s history' for a troubled structure can build allegiances for preservation, inspire a community to embrace historic architecture, and counter the cultural amnesia that dooms historically significant, yet misunderstood, buildings of the recent past."

"Misfits of Modernism." Speaker at the National Trust for Historic Preservation, National Preservation Conference, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, November 4, 2006.
Session covered by Diana Nelson Jones of the Pittsburgh Post Gazette ("Razing vs. Preserving Debated in Mock Trials"). From the NTHP program: "Preserving the recent past increasingly means saving places that came about at the expense of earlier landmarks, including those destroyed by urban renewal and highway building in the 1950s and 1960s. Conflicting and sometimes painful histories of buildings from the recent past, and public attitudes toward them, can cause challenges for preservationists. Who decides what is significant and worth saving versus what is expendable? Learn how you can effectively make a case and build a defense for sites with difficult histories." Other speakers at session: Dan Becker, Executive Director, Raleigh Historic Districts Commission; Dorothy Guzzo, Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer, New Jersey Historic Preservation Office; Charles A. Birnbaum, coordinator of the Historic Landscape Initiative, a program of the National Park Service Heritage Preservation Services Program. Moderator: Jeanne Lambin, Field Services Coordinator, Wisconsin Field Office, NTHP. Session Manager: Adrian Fine, Director, Northeast Field Office, NTHP.

Invited Panel Member, Recent Past Symposium, Peerless Rockville, Historic Preservation Ltd. Rockville, Maryland, October 7, 2006.
"Open to citizens, property owners, public officials, and decision-makers, the symposium features Rockville from the end of World War II to the opening of Metro -- the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. Preservation experts and local citizens will examine the challenges that are unique to buildings from this time period and discuss practical strategies to preserve them for future generations. The day will provide a variety of opportunities to learn, to discuss, and to meet with others who cherish Rockville’s architectural heritage. The symposium is presented by Peerless Rockville and co-sponsored by the Rockville Historic District Commission, National Trust for Historic Preservation, Preservation Maryland, Montgomery County Historic Preservation Commission, and the Recent Past Preservation Network. The event is funded in part by Willco Companies, Cohen Companies, and Rockville Properties. The Rockville Channel will tape the event, for future broadcast."

"Rethinking Richard Neutra's Modernist 'Failure' at Gettysburg." Northern Virginia Community College, Historic Preservation Program. Tea and Pedagogy Lecture Series. Loudon Campus, April 20, 2006.

"Misfits of Modernism. An architectural reception to benefit Richard Neutra's Cyclorama Center at Gettysburg." Hosted by Design Within Reach and the Recent Past Preservation Network. Planning by Christine Madrid French, Devin Colman, and Suzanne McLees. Washington, D.C., November 2005.
"A showcase of the brilliant, but largely unrecognized, works of historic modern architecture and landscape design in D.C. and its surrounds. Endangered works by Cesar Pelli, Mies van der Rohe, I.M. Pei, Lawrence Halprin and others featured in presentations by local preservation advocates. The event focused on the recent listing of Richard Neutra's Gettysburg Cyclorama Center on the World Monuments Fund's Watch List of 100 Most Endangered Sites with monies raised at the event dedicated to its preservation and the exploration of re-use alternatives."

"Is Modernism Un-American? Rethinking Richard Neutra's Monumental 'Failure' at Gettysburg." Presented at the VIII International DOCOMOMO Conference "Import - Export: Postwar Modernism in an Expanding World 1945-1975," New York, New York, August 2004. For text, see published Conference Proceedings, edited by Theodore H.M. Prudon and Helene Lipstadt, DOCOMOMO International, Columbia University, New York, 2008.

"Which of All the Pasts to Preserve?: Making the Case for Saving Modern Buildings," sponsored by the Thomas Jefferson Chapter of the Society of Architectural Historians, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 20 March 2003.

"'The Rebirth of Solids': Redefining Mid-Century Modern Architecture," session co-chair with Victoria M. Young, University of St. Thomas. Society of Architectural Historians Annual Conference, Richmond, Virginia, 19 April 2002.

"Modern Architecture in the National Parks," public lecture, Central Virginia American Institute of Architects, Architecture Week. New Dominion Book Shop, Charlottesville, Virginia, 19 April 2001.

"Preservation Advocacy: Taking Action to Save Historic Resources," Restoration & Renovation, trade show and conference. Boston, Massachusetts, 29 February 2000.

"Accessing Nature: Roads and Bridges of Mount Rainier National Park," co-authored with Richard Quin, Historic American Engineering Record. Northwest Scientific Association, Tacoma, Washington, March 1999.

Design Competitions:

Urban Habitats, Summer 2005. An architectural competition sponsored by Habitat for Humanity and the Charlottesville Community Design Center to develop realistic, innovative, universal models for multifamily housing that prevents displacement of residents. Sunrise Trailer Court in Belmont (Charlottesville, Virginia) was the subject, with the trailers to be removed or demolished and the land redeveloped using affordable, compact, and sustainable design. Entered "Sunrise Park" with partners Holger Jansen and Remo Lotano, architects in Berlin, Germany.

Academic Consulting:

Thesis Advisor, Goucher College, Maryland. "Steeling Home: Defining Authenticity and Integrity for Prefabricated Lustron Homes," Jennifer O. Sale. Thesis completed for degree of Master of Arts in Historic Preservation, 2008. John A. Burns, FAIA, Chair of Committee, Welch Center for Graduate and Professional Studies.

Featured Interviews:

	America's Civil War. "Christine Madrid French Wants to Save the Cyclorama," Kim A. O'Connell, 19, November 2007.
	The Next American City. Preserving the Recent Past — an Interview with Christine Madrid French, 8 January 2008 Ray Hainer discusses Brutalism, thoughtless demolition and the preservation of the recent past with Christine Madrid French.
	The Cultural Landscape Foundation. Stewardship Stories - It Takes One! Individuals' stories recount local efforts. Annual awards recognize current leaders in cultural resource stewardship. Recognized for preservation efforts to save the Cyclorama Building at Gettysburg National Military Park, Pennsylvania.
WORT-89.9 FM	Radio interview with Linda Jameson, WORT-89.9 fm, Madison, Wisconsin, 11 July 2005. Featured on 8 O'Clock Buzz, a one-hour, morning drive-time show focusing on accessibility and serving as a forum for community members to discuss the events of the day and issues of importance to the community featuring volunteer hosts with a wide array of experience and connection to the community. Speaking on the preservation of buildings from the recent past.
	The Hook, April 15, 2004, issue #0316, cover story "Recent passed: Will groovy structures be landmarks?" "When Best Buy came to town last summer and demolished the Mount Vernon Motor Lodge and the adjacent Aunt Sarah's Pancake House, Charlottesville resident Christine Madrid French realized her town was losing more than just a few pancakes and a heart-shaped swimming pool. While many locals welcomed yet another low-cost electronics emporium, French mourned the loss of legitimate pieces of Charlottesville history and the end of an era of tourist-oriented roadside architecture. "These buildings," says French, "have no protection at all." She's on a mission to change that-- or at least change a few minds. ..."
	C-Ville: Charlottesville's News & Arts Weekly, November 7-13, 2000; cover story. "The Saint of Parkitecture: Christine Madrid's mission to save National Park centers from the wrecking ball."
Deutschland Radio	Deutschland Radio, August 9, 2000; comments on the Save the Poe House! campaign.

Quoted In/Cited (selected):

Philadelphia Inquirer	"Dispute over Gettysburg building heads to court." Amy Worden, 30 October 2008. Philadelphia Inquirer.
Urbanite Baltimore	Baltimore Observed: "Battle Lines." Brennen Jensen, 31-33, July 2008. Urbanite Baltimore.
	"Preservationists work for recognition of black suburbs." Andrew Welsh Huggins, 10 February 2008. USA Today.
	"Building a history: An unusual assortment of non-Jeffersonian structures that may be worth preserving." Will Goldsmith, 22 January 2008, Issue 20.04, C-Ville: Charlottesville News & Arts.
Suddeutsche Zeitung	"Das Panorama-Drama." Nora Sobich, 1F2, 10 December 2007. Suddeutsche Zeitung. German newspaper with 1.1 million readers daily.
Architectural Record	Battle Rages Over Neutra’s Cyclorama Center. Ted Smalley Bowen, 3 October 2007. Architectural Record.
Chicago Tribune	"It's war again around Gettysburg: This time it isn't a Civil War faceoff but a clash with nature to restore the historic site to its 1863 appearance." Stevenson Swanson, 3 September 2007, Tribune national correspondent, Chicago Tribune.
Dallas Morning News	"Space Themed Playground May Vanish." Wendy Hundley, 6 August 2007, The Dallas Morning News.
	"New Museum and Visitor Center." Jen Faul, July and August 2007, Celebrate Gettysburg.
Architectural Record	"Aging Moderns Still Prove Controversial." Ted Smalley Bowen, 1 June 2007.
Baltimore Sun	"The Past Imperfect: Structures considered landmarks by many are at risk because they're not quite old enough." Timothy B. Wheeler, 20 January 2007, Baltimore Sun.
Washington Post	"Even for Free, Quantico's Metal Houses Lack Magnetism." Nick Miroff, 16 July 2006.
	"Houses of Steel: What it Takes to Save One of Quantico's Lustrons." Jennie Phipps, 27 January 2006, Preservation Online, National Trust for Historic Preservation.
The New York Times	"That Tear-Down Could Be a Haul-Away: Saving Modernist Houses," Fred A. Bernstein, 5 January 2006, The New York Times.
	"The New Battle of Gettysburg: Saving Richard Neutra's Cyclorama Building," Sandy McLendon, JetSet Modern, online article.
	"A Thoroughly Modern Conundrum: Paul Rudolph's Orange County Government Center." Christopher Pryslopski, Autumn 2004, 72-83. The Hudson River Valley Review: A Journal of Regional Studies
Los Angeles Times Magazine	"Who Chooses History?" Mark Rozzo, 27 June 2004, 14-17, 31. Los Angeles Times Magazine.
	"Big Plans, Small Houses: As demolition threatens midcentury houses, fans of Modernism seek stronger protections for our recent architectural history." Alexandra Lange, 1 May 2003. Metropolis Magazine.
	"There's Cash in Kitsch, Retro Promoters Say." Amy Wimmer, Times Staff Writer, 15 September 2002. St. Petersburg (Florida) Times. "Embarrassed just thinking about Treasure Island motels? Some only have goo-goo eyes for the 'googie'' architecture. They say work with it, baby."
	"Mission of Mercy: More than 100 Park Service visitor centers, designed by some of the country's best midcentury architects, are in danger of being torn down. Should they be saved?" Fred A. Bernstein, July 2001, 46-7.
Influence: The Business of Lobbying	"Battle at Gettysburg: Art Lobbyist Drawn Into Park Dispute," 6 September 2000, 6-7.
	"A Sense of CyberPlace," Don Oldenburg, July 2000. Comments on the Save the Poe House! internet mailing campaign. Preservation Magazine.

Published Letters to the Editor:

"An Icon for Readers and the District." The Washington Post, 9 August 2005, A16. Defending the ongoing use of the historic Martin Luther King, Jr., Library in Washington, D.C., designed by Mies van der Rohe, 1972, in response to comments by columnist Marc Fisher.

"Irreplaceable." The Washington Post, 11 May 2001, A44. Concerning the historic value of Edward Durell Stone's 1971 John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington, D.C.

Preservation Advocacy:

Expert Member, International Scientific Committee on 20th Century Heritage, International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS), January 2008 to present. Developing "20th Century Heritage Alerts Program" with fellow member Enrique Madia.

Rockville (Maryland) Recent Past Advisory Committee, 2007 to present

President, Recent Past Preservation Network, June 2000 to present

Vice President, Preservation Piedmont, January 2003 to May 2005

Board of Directors, Preservation Piedmont, January 2001 to May 2005

Webmaster/developer, E-Protest letters and websites for Save the Edgar Allan Poe House! and reCyclorama, 1999-2000. Now off-line.

Executive Director and Founder, reCyclorama: The Campaign to Save Richard Neutra's Cyclorama Building at Gettysburg, April 1998 to present.

Researcher and Writer, Utah Heritage Foundation. Volunteer in the office and contributor to "Guide to the Utah Heritage Foundation's 20th Annual Historic Homes Tour," featuring seventeen 19th-century buildings in Bountiful and Salt Lake City, Utah, 1991-1992.

Honors and Achievements:

Secretary, Society of Architectural Historians, Thomas Jefferson Chapter, 1997-1998.

Special Achievement Award, National Park Service, Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record May 1993, recognizing attention to detail and outstanding organizational and editing skills as a HABS/HAER historian.

Travel:

Mexico, 1986.
Alaska, 1995.
England, 1997. Architectural study tour with the Victorian Society.
China, 1997. Architectural study tour with the University of Virginia.
States visited: California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, Wyoming, South Dakota, Nebraska, Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, Massachusetts, North Carolina, New Mexico, Colorado, Montana, Iowa, Maryland, West Virginia, Alaska, Florida, Delaware, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut.
States resided: California, Utah, Maryland, Virginia, Washington, D.C.

Employment:

Electronic Text/Digital Development

The Papers of George Washington, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, January 2000 to February 2002
Project established in 1969 at the University of Virginia, under the joint auspices of the University and the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union. The Papers project publishes chronological volumes containing letters written to Washington as well as letters and documents written by him between 1748 and 1799. The new edition is supported financially by grants from the National Endowment for the Humanities and the National Historical Publications and Records Commission, as well as the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association and the University of Virginia.

• Design, maintain, and update the project's website featuring transcripts of Washington's letters, images of the original handwritten documents, frequently asked questions about George and Martha Washington, project information, rotating exhibits, and indexes for completed volumes.
• Research and development of digitized database for George Washington's financial records.

Publication Research

Prestel Publishing, Munich, Germany, February 1999

• Assignments by contract. Conduct bibliographic research, confirm quotations, and fact-check footnote references in texts translated from German to English.

Architectural Digital Image Processing and Web Site Production

Digital Media Lab, University of Virginia, September 1996 to December 1999

• Digital media production focusing on architecture and architectural history projects, including photographic databases, web databases, and web site development in cooperation with professors, staff, students, and other university centers.
• Advise and train students, faculty, and staff on software and hardware options for scanning and processing digital images, text, and video.
• Installation, configuration, maintenance, troubleshooting, and upgrades of computer operating systems, software and hardware.
• Configuration of software and hardware for thirteen Macintosh computer stations.
• CD creation/duplication.

Completed projects include:

• The Architecture of Jefferson Country: Charlottesville and Albemarle County, Virginia. Development and production of an interactive companion compact disk for an upcoming publication by Professor Edward Lay, School of Architecture, University of Virginia.
• Arch 823. Production of a course web site for Patricia Kucker, Assistant Professor, School of Architecture, University of Virginia. Used as the basis of communication between students of the course in Venice, Italy, and Charlottesville, Virginia. (restricted site - access to university-affiliated accounts only)
• "History of American Landscape Architecture," a course-related web site for the study of historic American landscape architecture from the seventeenth century to the present. Site consists of 2000 digitized slides and 50 pages of text as compiled by Reuben M. Rainey, professor of Landscape Architecture at the University of Virginia. (Note: may not be accessible to non-UVa inquiries)
• "The Architecture of China," a searchable web-site containing over one-hundred images. Photographs and information compiled by Christine Madrid in 1997 during a month-long architectural study tour in the Beijing area. (Note: may not be accessible to non-UVa inquiries)

Architectural Historian

National Park Service, Stewardship and Partnerships, System Support Office, National Capital Region, Washington, D.C., December 1994 to August 1996

• Documented and discovered sites for the List of Classified Structures (LCS), an inventory database maintained by the National Park Service (NPS) containing a listing and description of all historic properties within NPS administered lands, evaluated by National Register of Historic Places criteria. Survey work primarily at Antietam National Battlefield, Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Historical Park, National Capital Parks, and Prince William Forest Park.
• Conducted field surveys at NPS sites in the Washington, D.C., region, completing documentation on more than 1100 industrial, residential, and funerary structures. Relocated oldest cemetery in Montgomery County, Maryland (ca. 1776), and discovered early nineteenth century plantation ruins in Prince William County, Virginia.

National Park Service, Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record (HABS/HAER), Washington, D.C., June 1992 to December 1994

• Conducted final review, verification, and edit of HABS/HAER manuscripts, photographs, and measured drawings for the formal archival collection held at the Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division.
• Developed and implemented a classification system for industrial and architectural complexes, used as the basis of categorization for HABS/HAER materials of this type.
• Co-wrote the first HAER Historian's Procedures Manual and assisted in editing the overall HAER guidelines for documenting sites and industrial processes.

Transcription Editor

Getting Word: The Monticello African-American Oral History Project, International Center for Jefferson Studies, Monticello, Charlottesville, Virginia, October 1997 to October 1998

• Transcribed tapes of interviews with descendants of slaves for oral history collection.

City of Philadelphia Sculpture Survey, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, February 1997 to January 1999

• Transcribed field survey tapes for largest municipal sculpture survey ever undertaken and coordinated information exchange within MS Access database.

Computer Skills:

Macintosh and IBM programs including:

• Database Managers:
  • FileMaker Pro
  • Microsoft Access
  • Microsoft Excel
    
• Desktop Publishing and Image Manipulation:
  • Adobe Illustrator, PageMaker, and Photoshop
  • Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) writer
    
• Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) editors:
  • BB Edit
  • Claris Home Page
  • Dreamweaver
  • Simpletext
    
• Word Processing Programs:
  • Microsoft Word
  • WordPerfect
    
• Other:
  • File Transfer Protocol (FTP): Fetch and WS-FTP
  • Image scanner software (slide and flatbed)
  • OmniPagePro Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
  • QuickTime Virtual Reality